Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the colon and rectum. Early diagnosis is essential to treat symptoms and improve quality of life. Recognizing early signs allows for immediate medical intervention and better outcomes.

Persistent diarrhea

One of the most common early symptoms of ulcerative colitis is persistent diarrhea. Unlike occasional diarrhea caused by food or infection, UC-related diarrhea is common and can last for weeks. It often occurs several times a day and may be accompanied by a sense of urgency.

Abdominal pain and cramping

Abdominal pain and cramping are classic symptoms of ulcerative colitis. The pain usually occurs in the lower abdomen and may temporarily subside after a bowel movement. These symptoms can range from mild to severe and are often worse when they flare up.

Blood in the stool

Blood in the stool is a clear warning sign of ulcerative colitis. It can range from a small amount of blood to a large amount of blood. Bleeding is caused by inflammation and ulcers in the lining of the colon. If you notice blood in your stool, be sure to seek medical attention immediately.

Fatigue

Chronic fatigue is another early indicator of ulcerative colitis. Inflammation and an ongoing immune response can saps your energy and make you feel tired and lethargic. This fatigue is not only due to disrupted sleep caused by frequent trips to the bathroom, but is also a result of the body's ongoing fight against inflammation.

Weight Loss

Unintentional weight loss is a common early symptom of ulcerative colitis. This can occur due to a decrease in appetite, nutritional deficiencies, or increased metabolic demands caused by chronic inflammation. If you notice a sudden loss of weight without trying, it is recommended to see a doctor.

Urging to Have a Bowel Movement

The urgent need to have a bowel movement, often accompanied by a sensation of incomplete emptying, is another early symptom of UC. If not treated immediately, these urges can be distressing and lead to accidents. This symptom can significantly impact daily activities and overall quality of life.

Rectal Pain

Rectal pain and a feeling of pressure or fullness in the rectum can also be early signs of ulcerative colitis. These symptoms are caused by inflammation and are especially noticeable during bowel movements. Persistent rectal pain should not be ignored and requires medical evaluation.

Fever

Sometimes, a mild fever is present in the early stages of ulcerative colitis. This fever is usually mild but persistent and indicates the body's response to ongoing inflammation. If you have a persistent fever along with other gastrointestinal symptoms, you should definitely see your doctor.

Joint Pain

Joint pain and inflammation can be early extraintestinal symptoms of ulcerative colitis. This type of arthritis is called enteropathic arthritis and affects larger joints like the knees and elbows. If you experience unexplained joint pain in addition to gastrointestinal symptoms, you should definitely discuss it with your doctor.

Recognizing the early symptoms of ulcerative colitis is crucial for prompt diagnosis and treatment. If you notice any of these symptoms, you should definitely see your doctor for a thorough examination and appropriate treatment.